- (b) Kernel
Explanation: The kernel is the core component of the operating system, responsible for managing resources and communication between hardware and software.
- (c) Shortest Job Next (SJN)
Explanation: SJN (or SJF) selects the process with the shortest expected processing time for execution to reduce waiting time.
- (c) Virtual Memory
Explanation: Swapping is a memory management technique where processes are moved between main memory and secondary storage (virtual memory) to free up space.
- (b) Windows 10
Explanation: Windows 10 is a single-user, multitasking OS that allows a single user to perform multiple tasks simultaneously.
- (b) Semaphore
Explanation: Semaphores are used in IPC to control access to shared resources and prevent race conditions between processes.
- (d) All of the above
Explanation: FCFS, SSTF, and SCAN are all disk scheduling algorithms used to manage how data is accessed from the disk.
- (c) Handling I/O device management
Explanation: Spooling refers to placing data in a temporary area to manage I/O devices, particularly for managing print jobs.
- (c) ps
Explanation: The ps command in UNIX/Linux is used to display a list of currently running processes.
- (c) Time-sharing OS
Explanation: Time-sharing operating systems allow multiple users to interact with the system simultaneously by allocating time slots for each user.
- (c) Linux
Explanation: Linux is an open-source operating system, unlike macOS and Windows, which are proprietary.
