NEWS – PRS Legislative Research has recently released its “Annual Review of State Laws 2023.” The report conducted an in-depth analysis of the functioning of State legislatures across India, shedding light on various key aspects of their performance

HIGHLIGHTS

• Budget Passage Without Discussion:
  • Approximately 40% of the Rs 18.5 lakh crore budget across 10 states was passed without discussion in 2023.
  • States like Madhya Pradesh witnessed 85% of their budget passed without discussion, raising concerns about transparency and scrutiny.
• Public Accounts Committee (PAC):
  • The PAC held 24 sittings in 2023, with significant disparities in the number of reports tabled across states.
  • Kerala and Tamil Nadu showcased contrasting trends, highlighting variations in accountability measures.
• Swift Legislative Action:
  • 44% of bills were passed either on the same day or the day following their introduction, with variations across states.
  • Some states demonstrated a quick legislative process, while others adopted a more deliberative approach.
• Ordinances:
  • States like Uttar Pradesh issued the highest number of ordinances, prompting discussions about their necessity and impact.
  • Kerala exhibited a decrease in ordinances compared to the previous year, indicating potential shifts in legislative priorities.
• Overview of Law Making:
  • States passed an average of 18 bills each in 2023, with significant variations in the number of bills and delays in assent observed across states.
  • A limited number of bills were referred to legislative committees for deeper examination, signaling opportunities for improved scrutiny.

IMPROVING LEGISLATION FOR BETTER GOVERNANCE AND ACCOUNTABILITY:

• Standardize PAC Operations: Establish guidelines for PAC operations, including reporting requirements and timelines, to enhance accountability and substantive discussions.
• Time Limit for Governor’s Assent: Introduce legislative frameworks to set time limits for the Governor’s assent, promoting transparency and efficiency in the legislative process.
• Enhanced Budgetary Discussions: Advocate for thorough budget discussions and consider State Finance Commission recommendations to strengthen legislative oversight.
• Implement Recommendations: Act on recommendations from commissions like the Sarkaria Commission to enhance public scrutiny, legislative efficiency, and governance mechanisms.