NEWS – Ancient Indian texts Bhagavad Gita and Natyashastra have been added to UNESCO’s Memory of the World Register.

• The register includes valuable documentary collections like books, manuscripts, maps, photographs, and recordings, preserving humanity’s shared heritage.
• This inscription marks global recognition of India’s profound intellectual and artistic contributions.

WHAT IS THE BHAGAVAD GITA?

Historical and Spiritual Context

• Part of the epic Mahabharata, dated to the 2nd or 1st century BCE.
• A 700-verse scripture forming a dialogue between:
  • Arjuna, the warrior prince.
  • Lord Krishna, his charioteer and divine guide.

Structure and Content

• Divided into 18 chapters covering:
  • Duty (Dharma)
  • Righteous action (Karma)
  • Devotion (Bhakti)
  • Knowledge (Jnana)

Philosophical Importance

• Blends metaphysics, ethics, and practical wisdom.
• Offers guidance for:
  • Navigating life’s challenges.
  • Achieving spiritual progress.
  • Understanding one’s role in the world.

WHAT IS THE NATYASHASTRA?

A Foundational Text on Performing Arts

• Authored by Bharatmuni in ancient Sanskrit.
• Composed of:
  • 36 chapters
  • Over 6,000 verses in prose and poetry.

Purpose and Influence

• Serves as a comprehensive guide for:
  • Dramatists
  • Actors
  • Dancers
  • Musicians
• Focuses on:
  • Techniques of performance
  • Audience engagement
  • Emotional resonance in art

Legacy in Indian Arts

• Provides the theoretical foundation for classical Indian dance forms, including:
  • Bharatanatyam
  • Kathakali
  • Odissi, and more.
• Explains the concept of Rasa, the aesthetic experience that evokes emotions in audiences.

WHY THESE TEXTS MATTER GLOBALLY

Bhagavad Gita

• Universal message of inner growth, balance, and purpose.
• Revered as a spiritual and philosophical guide not just in India, but globally.

Natyashastra

• Influential in shaping global understanding of classical theatre and dance.
• Represents a rare, early synthesis of art, philosophy, and science of expression.