NEWS

• Biomass is a new satellite by the European Space Agency (ESA), to be launched in April 2025 .
• It is the first satellite to carry a long-wavelength P-band radar.
• Its main aim: create detailed 3D maps of tropical forests and monitor their woody structures — trunks, branches, and stems.

HIGHLIGHTS

Why the P-band Radar is Special:

• It can penetrate deep through forest canopies.
• Helps detect above-ground forest biomass and forest height from space.
• Gathers critical data on how forests store carbon.

Mission Goals & Phases

Phase 1: Mapping

• Will produce detailed 3D maps of dense and remote forests.
• Addresses the challenge of measuring global tree mass from the ground.

Phase 2: Global Biomass Estimation

• Will generate five global maps.
• Aims to estimate forest height and above-ground biomass on a global scale.

Why is the Biomass Mission Important?

• Forests are often called “Earth’s green lungs” — they absorb ~8 billion tonnes of CO₂ annually.
• Trees help:
  • Improve air quality
  • Prevent pollution
  • Mitigate climate change
• Understanding how forests absorb and store carbon is key to studying the global carbon cycle.
• The mission supports scientists in tracking deforestation, forest health, and climate impact.

When Will the Satellite Launch?

• Launch Vehicle: Vega-C rocket
• Location: Europe’s Spaceport, French Guiana
• Expected Launch Date: 29 April 2025
• Current Status: Satellite arrived in March; undergoing final health checks and preparations.