NEWS – A new global report released by the International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI) on May 29, 2024, raises concerns about dietary habits in India. The report highlights a significant increase in the consumption of unhealthy foods compared to nutritious options.

HIGHLIGHTS

1. Unhealthy Food Consumption
   • More people in India consume unhealthy foods such as salty or fried snacks.
   • Compared to those consuming vegetables, fruits, and other micronutrient-rich foods.
2. Malnutrition Statistics
   • 6% of the country’s population suffers from malnutrition due to poor diet.

Consumption Trends

1. Recommended Food Groups
   • Only 28% of the Indian population ate all five recommended food groups.
   • These groups include staples, vegetables, fruits, pulses, nuts/seeds, and animal-source foods.
2. Emerging Trends in Indian Diets
   • Calorie-dense and nutrient-poor foods are increasingly consumed.
   • Consumption of vegetables and micronutrient-rich foods remains low.
   • Processed foods consumption (chocolates, salty snacks, beverages) is rising.

Health Implications

1. Malnutrition
   • Proportion of malnourished individuals increased from 15.4% in 2011 to 16.6% in 2021.
   • Overweight prevalence rose from 12.9% in 2006 to 16.4% in 2016.
2. Economic Impact
   • Household expenditure on processed foods and meals consumed away from home increased significantly.

Cost and Accessibility

1. Cost of Nutrient-Rich Foods
   • Micronutrient-rich foods are expensive in South Asia.
   • Cereal-centric food policies contribute to affordability challenges.
2. Dietary Guidelines
   • Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR) issued guidelines emphasizing informed food choices.
   • Minimization of high-fat, sugar, salt, and ultra-processed foods is recommended.

Policy and Recommendations

1. Agriculture and Food Policies
   • Current policies prioritize starchy staples over diverse, healthy diets.
   • Public investments in agriculture research neglect key nutritious foods.
2. Call for Action
   • Urgent efforts are needed to transform global food systems.
   • Equitable access to sustainable, healthy diets is crucial for public health.

Expert Insights

1. Importance of Diet Improvement
   • Poor quality diets are a leading cause of disease worldwide.
   • Addressing malnutrition and diet-related diseases is critical for public health.
2. Calls for Transformation
   • IFPRI and experts stress the need to prioritize sustainable, healthy diets.
   • Improved diets can save lives and contribute to sustainable development.