Significance of Fundamental Rights in Indian Constitution
Explain the significance of Fundamental Rights enshrined in Part III of the Indian Constitution. How do they protect individual liberty against state action?
Model Answer
Introduction: Fundamental Rights (Articles 12-35) are justiciable rights guaranteed to every citizen, protecting them from arbitrary state action.
Key Rights:
- Right to Equality (Art 14-18): Equal treatment; prohibits discrimination
- Right to Freedom (Art 19-22): Speech, movement, profession
- Right Against Exploitation (Art 23-24): Prohibits forced and child labour
- Right to Constitutional Remedies (Art 32): Dr. Ambedkar called this the heart and soul of the Constitution
Conclusion: Fundamental Rights form a protective shield of individual liberty and are essential for a functioning democracy.