With reference to Quality Control Orders (QCOs) in India, consider the following statements:

1. Quality Control Orders are issued under the provisions of the Bureau of Indian Standards (BIS) Act, 2016.
2. Once a QCO comes into force, both domestic and imported products must comply with mandatory BIS certification.
3. Quality Control Orders can always be challenged at the World Trade Organization (WTO) as they are considered tariff barriers.
4. Foreign manufacturers exporting QCO-covered products to India must obtain BIS certification under the Foreign Manufacturers Certification Scheme (FMCS).

Which of the statements given above are correct?

Assertion (A): Harmonised global AI standards can help reduce regulatory arbitrage.

Reason (R): Divergent national AI regulations encourage developers to shift operations to jurisdictions with less stringent rules

With reference to the proposed India–New Zealand Free Trade Agreement (FTA), consider the following statements:

1. The proposed FTA provides 100% duty-free access for Indian exports to New Zealand.
2. India has excluded sensitive sectors such as dairy from full trade liberalisation.
3. The agreement includes Rules of Origin (RoO) to prevent misuse of preferential tariff benefits through transshipment.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

With reference to a seismic doublet, consider the following statements:

1. It consists of two earthquakes of similar magnitude occurring in quick succession due to closely related but distinct fault ruptures.
2. In a seismic doublet, the second earthquake is always an aftershock of much lower magnitude than the first.
3. Stress transfer from the first rupture to a nearby fault segment can trigger the second earthquake.

Which of the statements given above are correct?

With reference to the proposed amendment to the National Food Security Act (NFSA), 2013 for Antyodaya Anna Yojana (AAY) beneficiaries, consider the following statements:

1. The proposal introduces a per-person entitlement of 7 kg of foodgrains per month for AAY beneficiaries.
2. The amendment retains the maximum household entitlement of 35 kg per month, even for families with more than five members.
3. The proposal aims to address inequities arising from the existing household-based allocation system.

Which of the statements given above are correct?

Assertion (A): Operation Amistad reflects India's growing role as a global first responder in humanitarian crises.

Reason (R): The mission combines rapid strategic airlift, disaster relief teams, portable field hospitals, and advanced medical support for an earthquake-affected country.