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Salient Features/History/Preamble to FR
The first legislative measure that laid the foundation of centralised administration in British India was:
- A Charter Act, 1833
- B Regulating Act, 1773
- C Pitt’s India Act, 1784
- D Government of India Act, 1858
This act laid the foundation for centralised governance in British India.
The principle that a government must operate within legal limits and ensure accountability is best described as:
- A Rule of Law
- B Constitutionalism
- C Judicial Review
- D Federalism
Constitutionalism implies that government must function within rules (limited government) and promote accountability.
The Charter Act which transformed the East India Company into a purely administrative body was:
- A 1813
- B 1833
- C 1853
- D 1793
Under the Charter Act of 1833, the East India Company became a purely administrative body.
Dyarchy at the provincial level was introduced under:
- A Government of India Act, 1909
- B Government of India Act, 1919
- C Government of India Act, 1935
- D Indian Councils Act, 1892
Dyarchy was introduced at the provincial level by the Government of India Act, 1919.
Which Fundamental Right is available only to citizens of India?
- A Equality before law
- B Freedom of speech and expression
- C Protection of life and personal liberty
- D Protection against ex post facto laws
While the provided text lists Article 19 as a Fundamental Right, standard constitutional interpretation restricts Article 19 (Freedom of speech) specifically to citizens, whereas rights like Article 14 (Equality) and Article 21 (Life and Liberty) are generally available to all persons.
The Fundamental Right that cannot be suspended even during a National Emergency is:
- A Right to Freedom
- B Right to Equality
- C Right to Life and Personal Liberty
- D Right to Constitutional Remedies
Articles 20 and 21 (Right to Life and Personal Liberty) are non-suspendable even during an Emergency.
The doctrine that limits Parliament’s amending power over the Constitution was established in:
- A Golaknath Case
- B Kesavananda Bharati Case
- C Minerva Mills Case
- D Berubari Case
This case established the "Basic Structure Doctrine," stating that Parliament's amending power is not unlimited and cannot destroy the core foundation of the Constitution.
The Preamble of the Indian Constitution derives its authority from:
- A Parliament
- B Constituent Assembly
- C People of India
- D Supreme Court
The Preamble states the source of authority as "We, the People of India," representing popular sovereignty.
The amendment that added the words “Socialist” and “Secular” to the Preamble is:
- A 44th Amendment
- B 42nd Amendment
- C 24th Amendment
- D 86th Amendment
The 42nd Amendment Act (1976) added "Socialist," "Secular," and "Integrity" to the Preamble.
Which provision of the Constitution empowers the Supreme Court to enforce Fundamental Rights?
- A Article 19
- B Article 21
- C Article 32
- D Article 226
Article 32 provides the Right to Constitutional Remedies, empowering the Supreme Court to protect Fundamental Rights
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