1. Which of the following is a primary key in a database?

a) A unique identifier for each record
b) A field that contains duplicate values
c) A default field for sorting data
d) A field that stores dates only

2. What does SQL stand for?

a) Simple Query Language
b) Structured Query Language
c) Systematic Query Lookup
d) Sequential Query Language

3. Which type of database schema organizes data into tables that are related by keys?

a) Relational Database
b) Hierarchical Database
c) NoSQL Database
d) Object-Oriented Database

4. Which of the following is a disadvantage of a flat file database?

a) Lack of data redundancy
b) Inflexibility in querying data
c) Simplicity in structure
d) High level of complexity

5.What is normalization in database management?

a) The process of duplicating data to improve access
b) The process of organizing data to minimize redundancy
c) The process of removing data from a database
d) The process of merging databases

6. Which of the following is NOT a type of database relationship?

a) One-to-One
b) One-to-Many
c) Many-to-Many
d) One-to-None

7. In data management, what is the function of a database index?

a) To sort the data
b) To optimize data retrieval speed
c) To delete duplicate records
d) To store images

8. What does the term “data integrity” refer to?

a) The organization of data into tables
b) The accuracy and consistency of data over its lifecycle
c) The speed of data retrieval
d) The duplication of data across multiple tables

9. What is the purpose of a foreign key in a database?

a) To act as a primary key in another table
b) To establish a relationship between two tables
c) To store foreign language data
d) To allow duplicate values in a table

10. Which of the following is a characteristic of Big Data?

a) Small data sets
b) Limited data storage
c) High velocity, volume, and variety of data
d) Data that cannot be structured