Passage 1:
Governance in a democracy is often a balancing act. Governments need to ensure individual freedoms while maintaining societal order. This involves crafting laws that reflect public opinion and morality without becoming draconian. However, with rapidly advancing technology, issues like surveillance, misinformation, and privacy pose significant challenges. Striking a balance between national security and individual privacy has become a critical debate worldwide. Public participation and transparent policymaking are key to navigating these challenges effectively.

Questions:
1.The primary purpose of the passage is to:
a) Emphasize the importance of governance.
b) Discuss challenges in a democratic governance system.
c) Advocate for stronger surveillance measures.
d) Criticize the advancement of technology.

2.According to the passage, crafting laws in a democracy requires:
a) Enforcing strict surveillance systems.
b) Limiting public opinion’s role.
c) Balancing individual freedoms with societal order.
d) Following international practices.

3.What does the passage suggest is essential for addressing modern challenges in governance?
a) Rapid implementation of laws.
b) Increased use of advanced technology.
c) Public participation and transparency in policymaking.
d) Limiting individual privacy to ensure national security.

4.The challenges mentioned in the passage primarily arise due to:
a) Inefficient governance.
b) Technological advancements.
c) A lack of public morality.
d) Economic disparities.

5.The tone of the passage can best be described as:
a) Cautious and analytical.
b) Pessimistic and critical.
c) Optimistic and encouraging.
d) Neutral and detached.

Passage 2:
Climate change has emerged as one of the most pressing global challenges. Rising temperatures, melting polar ice caps, and extreme weather events are reshaping ecosystems and economies. Despite widespread scientific consensus on its anthropogenic origins, the global community struggles to implement coordinated actions. Economic dependencies on fossil fuels and political reluctance often hinder progress. Transitioning to renewable energy and adopting sustainable practices require not just policy changes but also a shift in societal mindset.

Questions:
1.The main idea of the passage is:
a) Climate change is solely caused by natural phenomena.
b) Economic and political factors hinder climate action.
c) Renewable energy is the only solution to climate change.
d) Rising temperatures are reshaping the global economy.

2.The passage attributes the primary cause of climate change to:
a) Human activities.
b) Natural processes.
c) Economic dependencies.
d) Political indecision.

3.What does the author suggest is necessary to combat climate change?
a) Immediate abandonment of fossil fuels.
b) A global consensus on technological development.
c) Policy changes and a societal mindset shift.
d) Increased research into polar ice caps.

4.Why does the global community struggle with climate action?
a) Lack of understanding about climate change.
b) Dependence on fossil fuels and political reluctance.
c) Absence of extreme weather events.
d) Scarcity of renewable energy resources.

5.The tone of the passage is best described as:
a) Alarmist and exaggerated.
b) Objective and informative.
c) Optimistic and hopeful.
d) Critical and dismissive.

Passage 3:
In the digital age, the dissemination of knowledge has become easier and faster. Online platforms, e-books, and open-source materials have democratized access to information. However, the rapid spread of misinformation poses a significant threat to societal harmony. False narratives often gain traction due to their emotional appeal and virality. While technological tools to counter misinformation exist, fostering critical thinking among the population remains the most sustainable solution to this problem.

Questions:
1.The passage primarily discusses:
a) The benefits of online platforms for education.
b) The rapid spread of misinformation and its consequences.
c) The role of emotional appeal in education.
d) Technological tools as a solution to misinformation.

2.According to the passage, what is the primary reason false narratives spread rapidly?
a) Emotional appeal and virality.
b) Lack of regulation in online platforms.
c) High accessibility of e-books.
d) Unavailability of technological tools.

3.What does the passage identify as the most sustainable solution to misinformation?
a) Banning false narratives.
b) Implementing stricter online regulations.
c) Promoting critical thinking.
d) Enhancing the virality of true information.

4.The term “democratized access to information” implies:
a) Restricted access to verified information.
b) Equal access to information for everyone.
c) Technological monopoly over information.
d) Government control over online platforms.

5.The tone of the passage can best be described as:
a) Optimistic and celebratory.
b) Analytical and cautionary.
c) Sarcastic and dismissive.
d) Neutral and unopinionated.