1. With reference to PM Gati Shakti National Master Plan, consider the following statements:
1. It was launched in 2021 for integrated infrastructure development across 16 ministries.
2. It uses a GIS-based digital platform for real-time monitoring and data sharing.
3. It is implemented by BISAG-N under the Ministry of Jal Shakti.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

A) 1 and 2 only
B) 2 and 3 only
C) 1 only
D) 1, 2 and 3

2. Consider the following statements regarding the recent amendment to MGNREGA norms:
1. The amendment was made by the Ministry of Jal Shakti through a notification in 2025.
2. It mandates minimum expenditure on water conservation and harvesting works under Schedule-I of MGNREGA.
3. Over-exploited and critical blocks must spend at least 65% of total MGNREGA costs on water-related works.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

A) 1 and 2 only
B) 2 and 3 only
C) 1 only
D) 1, 2 and 3

3. Quantum tunnelling, as studied by the 2025 Physics Nobel laureates, is significant because:
1. It explains how particles penetrate potential energy barriers.
2. It has no practical applications outside theoretical physics.
Choose the correct option:

A) 1 only
B) 2 only
C) Both 1 and 2
D) Neither 1 nor 2

4. Consider the following statements about the recent global renewable energy milestone:
1. For the first time, renewable energy generation has exceeded coal-based power globally.
2. The data was released by the International Energy Agency (IEA).
3. Solar and wind power together contributed an increase of over 400 TWh in generation.
Which of the above statements is/are correct?

A) 1 and 2 only
B) 2 and 3 only
C) 1 only
D) 1 and 3

5. Kavach system recently in the news is significant because:

A) It aims to increase railway speed beyond 200 km/h.
B) It enhances safety by preventing collisions and signal violations.
C) It is imported from Japan under railway safety cooperation.
D) It is used only for metro and suburban networks.