ONE-HORNED RHINOCEROS (GREATER INDIAN RHINOCEROS)

NEWS→ SC-NBWL approved a DNA-based indexing system for the Greater One-horned Rhinoceros to strengthen conservation and curb wildlife crime.

About

  • Scientific name: Rhinoceros unicornis
  • Largest surviving rhino species; single-horned mega-herbivore.
  • IUCN Status: Vulnerable (VU).
  • Population recovered from ~200 (early 1900s) to ~4,000 today—one of Asia's major conservation success stories.

Habitat & Distribution

  • Found in alluvial grasslands, floodplains & marshes of the Indo-Gangetic & Brahmaputra plains.
  • ~4,000 individuals globally.
  • Kaziranga NP (Assam) hosts >70% of the world's population; also found in Terai (Nepal).

Key Features

  • Single horn made of keratin (no bony core).
  • Armor-like skin with deep folds.
  • Semi-prehensile upper lip for grazing.
  • Herbivore: Feeds on grasses, aquatic plants & shrubs.
  • Mostly solitary, but gathers at mud wallows and grazing grounds.