NEWS: India aims to eliminate Sickle Cell Anaemia as a public health problem by 2047 under the National Sickle Cell Anaemia Elimination Mission.
ABOUT
- A genetic blood disorder caused by a mutation in the haemoglobin gene.
- Red blood cells become sickle-shaped (crescent-shaped) instead of normal round cells.
- These abnormal cells block blood vessels, reduce oxygen supply, and cause pain, anaemia, organ damage, and premature death.
- It is a hereditary disease passed from parents to children.
TRIBAL COMMUNITIES: HIGH-RISK GROUP
- Higher prevalence among tribal populations than the general population.
- Challenges include limited healthcare access, low awareness, inadequate screening, and delayed diagnosis.
- Government focuses on targeted interventions in tribal regions.
NATIONAL SICKLE CELL ANAEMIA ELIMINATION MISSION (NSCAEM)
- Launched: 2023
- Goal: Eliminate Sickle Cell Anaemia as a public health problem by 2047.
- Focuses on screening, diagnosis, counselling, treatment, and awareness.
KEY ACHIEVEMENTS
- More than 7 crore individuals (0–40 years age group) screened ahead of schedule.
- Strengthened early detection and preventive healthcare measures.
SIGNIFICANCE
- Early screening helps identify patients and carriers.
- Reduces disease burden and prevents intergenerational transmission.
- Improves healthcare outcomes among tribal communities.
- Contributes to inclusive public health and social development.