NEWS: The Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) à Transferred excavated human skeletal remains from Rakhigarhi, Haryana, to the Anthropological Survey of India for further scientific study.

ABOUT

• Rakhigarhià Located in Hisar district, Haryana, along the seasonal Drishadvati River.
• It is the largest known Harappan (Indus Valley Civilization) site discovered so far.
• Shows continuous occupation from the Early Harappan to Mature Harappan phases.
• It is the only Harappan site from which ancient DNA (aDNA) evidence has been successfully obtained.

IMPORTANT ARCHAEOLOGICAL FINDINGS

• Excavations revealed complete human skeletons and burial sites.
• Burials generally follow a north-south orientation and include earthen pots containing provisions.
• Female skeletons were found with ornaments such as: Jasper beads, Agate beads, Shell bangles
• A mud-brick granary with seven chambers was discovered.
• Evidence of: Public fire altars, Animal sacrificial pits, Gold foundry with furnace, Gemstone manufacturing unit, Chert trade weights

DNA EVIDENCE

• DNA analysis of a female skeleton indicated the absence of the Steppe Pastoralist gene.
• The findings are considered significant in debates regarding the origins and ancestry of Harappan populations.

UNIQUE ARTIFACT

• A rare cylindrical steatite seal was recovered.
• Features: Alligator motif on one side, Five Harappan script characters on the other

SIGNIFICANCE

• Provides crucial insights into Harappan society, economy, trade, burial practices, and genetics.
• Strengthens understanding of the Indus Valley Civilization's cultural continuity and urban development.
• One of India's most important archaeological sites for studying ancient human history.