Structure:

Introduction: (up to 30 words) Write briefly about Gaganyaan and what it entails

Body: (up to 100 words) Bring out the challenges in brief, the technological development required and innovation involved. Write about the benefits and India developing the CARE system. Also include other sectors it could benefit.

Conclusion: (up to 30 words) Mention how it will impact India positively and worth the investment and effort.

Supporting Points:

Gaganyaan

1. Gaganyaan is India’s Human Space Flight Program
2. The design was finalized by March 2008 and was submitted to the Government of India for funding. The funding for the Indian Human Spaceflight Programme was sanctioned in February 2009, but it fell short of full political support and it obtained limited developmental funding.
3. The latest push for the Indian Human Spaceflight Programme took place in 2017, and it was accepted and formally announced by the Prime Minister Narendra Modi on 15 August 2018.
4. In 2022, three Indian astronauts will circle earth for seven days from a distance of 300-400 km (Low Earth Orbit).
5. The three vyomanauts, mostly pilots from the IAF, will travel in a 7,000-kg crew capsule. A GSLV Mk-III launch vehicle will lift them into their orbit.
6. GSLV has been tested for CARE and the flight will take off from a refurbished launch pad at Sriharikota.
7. The entire project could cost roughly between Rs 7,000 to Rs 9,000 crore.
8. If the mission will be successful, India would be the fourth such nation to achieve that feat after the United States, Russia, and China.
9. It is expected to generate 15000 jobs.
10. The Roscosmos State Corporation for Space Activities and Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) will be working together on the first manned space mission. The Russian side has offered a ride to Indian astronaut a short visit to International Space Station (ISS) on board a Soyuz spacecraft for a short training mission in 2022.

Benefits of Gaganyaan:

1. Gaganyaan is costing us 10,000 crores.
2. It will enable ISRO to achieve higher levels of reliability in launch and satellite technology.
3. India’s cooperation in International Space flight program.
4. As of today, after the suspension of the American Space shuttle a few years ago, only the Russian Soyuz is capable of carrying humans to space. However, SpaceX is developing launchers for Human-space missions.
5. Will lead to several spin-offs: CARE Tech, space suit, space medicine, launch vehicle capacity, industrial safety. For ex: Kalam-Raju stent is made of high grade steel used in Rockets.
6. This will allow pooling in of diverse technological and industrial capabilities and enable broader participation in research opportunities and technology development benefiting large number of students and researchers.
7. Train human resources in advanced technologies.
8. It will inspire large number of young students to take up science and technology careers for national development.
9. Gaganyaan Programme is a national effort and will involve the participation of the Industry, Academia and National Agencies spread across the length and breadth of the country.
10. Spur research and development within the country in niche science and technology domains.

CARE:

The Crew Module Atmospheric Re-entry Experiment (CARE) is an experimental test vehicle for the Indian Space Research Organisation's future ISRO orbital vehicle called Gaganyaan.

It was powered by batteries and was equipped with six liquid-propellant 100 N thrusters.

CARE is expected to enhance the understanding of blunt body re-entry aerothermodynamics and parachute deployment in cluster configuration.

1. To test:
2. Testing of Re-entry technology
3. Aerothermodynamics during Re-entry
4. Re-entry trajectory
5. Reaction of Blunt body in flight upon re-entry since the module is dome shaped
6. Functioning of Heat Shield - heat shield was made of carbon phenolic tiles
7. Parachute deployment
8. Soft crashing into Bay of Bengal