STRUCTURE

Introduction – A short introduction to Preamble of Indian Constitution ( 15 words)                     

Body – Explain importance of golden goals that are outlined in the Preamble of the Indian Constitution (220 words)

Conclusion – Mention a short conclusion  (15 words)

ANSWER

The preamble to the Constitution of India is a brief introductory statement that sets out the guiding purpose, principles and philosophy of the constitution.

MAIN INGREDIENTS OF THE INDIAN PREAMBLE

Key words in the Preamble

• We, the people of India: It indicates the ultimate sovereignty of the people of India. Sovereignty means the independent authority of the State, not being subject to the control of any other State or external power.
• Sovereign: The term means that India has its own independent authority and it is not a dominion of any other external power. In the country, the legislature has the power to make laws that are subject to certain limitations.

Socialist:

• The term means the achievement of socialist ends through democratic means. Indian brand of socialism is ‘democratic socialism’.
• It holds faith in a mixed economy where both the private and public sectors co-exist side by side.
• Democratic socialism aims to end poverty, ignorance, disease, and inequality of opportunity.
• Indian socialism is a blend of Marxism and Gandhism, leaning heavily towards Gandhian socialism.
• It was added in the Preamble by 42nd Amendment, 1976.

Secular:

• The term means that all the religions in India get equal respect, protection, and support from the state.
• It was incorporated in the Preamble by the 42nd Constitutional Amendment, 1976.
• The word secular appeared in only one article that is Article 25 (2)(a) before it was inserted into the Constitution’s Preamble.
• The state will protect every religion equally but the state will not have any foundation on religion.
• Accordingly, Articles 25 to 28 (guaranteeing the fundamental right to freedom of religion) have been included in the constitution.
• Democratic: The term implies that the Constitution of India has an established form of Constitution that gets its authority from the will of the people expressed in an election.
• The Indian Constitution provides for “representative parliamentary democracy” under which the executive is responsible to the legislature for all its policies and actions.
• The term ‘democratic’ is used in the Preamble in the broader sense embracing not only political democracy but also social and economic democracy.

Republic:

• The term indicates that the head of the state is elected by the people. In India, the President of India is the elected head of the state.
• He is elected indirectly for a fixed period of five years. A republic also means two more things:
• First, vesting of political sovereignty in the people and not in a single individual like a king;
• Second, the absence of any privileged class and hence all public offices being opened to every citizen without any discrimination.

OBJECTIVES OF THE INDIAN CONSTITUTION

The Constitution is the supreme law and it helps to maintain integrity in the society and to promote unity among the citizens to build a great nation.

The main objective of the Indian Constitution is to promote harmony throughout the nation.

The factors which help in achieving this objective are:

• Justice: It is necessary to maintain order in a society that is promised through various provisions of Fundamental Rights and Directive Principles of State Policy provided by the Constitution of India. It comprises three elements, which are social, economic, and political.
  • Social Justice – Social justice means that the Constitution wants to create a society without discrimination on any grounds like caste, creed, gender, religion, etc.
  • Economic Justice – Economic Justice means no discrimination can be caused by people on the basis of their wealth, income, and economic status. Every person must be paid equally for an equal position and all people must get opportunities to earn for their living.
  • Political Justice – Political Justice means all the people have an equal, free, and fair right without any discrimination to participate in political opportunities.
• Equality: The term ‘Equality’ means no section of society has any special privileges and all the people have given equal opportunities for everything without any discriminations. Everyone is equal before the law.
• Liberty: The term ‘Liberty’ means freedom for the people to choose their way of life, have political views and behavior in society. Liberty does not mean freedom to do anything, a person can do anything but within the limit set by the law. The ideals of liberty, equality, and fraternity in our Preamble have been taken from the French Revolution (1789–1799).
• Fraternity: The term ‘Fraternity’ means a feeling of brotherhood and an emotional attachment with the country and all the people. Fraternity helps to promote dignity and unity in the nation.