What is in news : Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) predicts extreme weather events in Indian ocean due to global warming

Details :

• Information was given in IPCC’s Sixth Assessment Report, “Climate Change 2021: The Physical Science Basis”
• Indian Ocean is warming at a higher rate than other oceans
• Likely to lead to an increase in annual mean precipitation over India, with more severe rain expected over southern India in the coming decades.
• Port cities of Chennai, Kochi, Kolkata, Mumbai, Surat and Visakhapatnam, 28.6 million people would be exposed to coastal flooding if sea levels rise by 50 cm
• Monsoon extremes are likely to increase over India and South Asia, while the frequency of short intense rainy days are expected to rise
• Human activities are causing climate change
• Planet was irrevocably headed towards warming by 1.5 degrees Celsius over pre-industrial times in the next two decades. Keeping global warming below 2 degrees Celsius of pre-industrial levels by the turn of century and endeavouring to limit it to 1.5 degrees Celsius was at the heart of the 2015 Paris Agreement
• Unless extremely deep emission cuts are undertaken by all countries immediately, these goals are unlikely to be met
• Countries must strive to achieve net zero emissions — no additional greenhouse gases are emitted — by 2050
• Glaciers in the Hindu Kush Himalayan (HKH) region will keep shrinking and the snow cover will retreat to higher altitudes
• Extreme precipitation is projected to increase in major mountainous regions with potential cascading consequences of floods, landslides and lake outbursts in all scenarios
• Mountain glaciers will continue to shrink and permafrost to thaw in all regions where they are present.